{"id":4335,"date":"2023-02-14T10:47:42","date_gmt":"2023-02-14T02:47:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dushyantnomics.com\/?p=4335"},"modified":"2023-07-20T09:29:00","modified_gmt":"2023-07-20T03:59:00","slug":"how-much-enough-retire-early-india","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dushyantnomics.com\/how-much-enough-retire-early-india\/","title":{"rendered":"How Much Money is Enough to Retire Early in India"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Any mention of early retirement automatically triggers the next question – How much money is enough to retire early in India?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Depending on the participants involved it always makes for a fun cocktail party discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Add some alcohol into the mix and the chatter becomes even more animated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The numbers fly around like missiles. 3 crores, 5 crores, 10 crores, 20 crores, 50 crores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

And by next morning everything is forgotten.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sounds familiar?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

If you are reading this article, it means you are keen to dig deeper and find out how much money is enough to retire early in India<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

You are no longer satisfied with the usual cocktail chatter about early retirement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So let us jump right in to figure out how much is enough to retire early in India by 45, 50 or 55.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

How Much Money Do You Need to Retire Early in India?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The amount of money you need to retire early in India is a sum<\/strong> that generates sufficient income<\/strong> to cover your living expenses<\/strong> in retirement with a reasonable margin of safety<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This sum of money is commonly referred to as your early retirement corpus or your retirement nest egg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Before we go any further, there is one concept which is extremely critical for you to understand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Your early retirement corpus does not decide what your monthly living expenses should be.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Your future living expenses dictate your early retirement corpus.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"how<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

It is a subtle but a crucial difference as you figure out the retirement corpus you need.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

All too often articles in the media keep their focus on the early retirement corpus number. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A substantial number is eye-catching and makes for a good headline.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

However, they overlook the more critical part.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

How much money you need to retire early in India is based on the life you choose to live in retirement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Your living expense is not a random number over which you have no control.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

You get to decide what your future living expense will be. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

And that in turn dictates your early retirement corpus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Calculating Your Future Living Expenses<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Let us assume you are a 33-year-old and would like to retire early when you turn 45, 12 years from now.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

At this age we presume you have good visibility on the known unknowns of early retirement planning<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Now let us say your current living expenses are 1,00,000 rupees per month.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

How are you supposed to figure your monthly living expenses when you are 45?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A straightforward way is to take your current living expenses and calculate the impact of inflation over the next 12 years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So, in our example, we will take 1,00,000 rupees and subject it to inflation over the next 12 years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This will give you an estimate of what your future living expenses will be.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

That brings us to the next question – What will the inflation in India be for the next 12 years?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Inflation Assumption<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Let us start with a discomforting thought.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

No one can accurately predict what Indian inflation will be like for the next 12 years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Not you, not me nor any expert on TV.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The only thing we can do is to look back at history and make some guess about the future.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

We can look at the history of Indian inflation and assume the trend will continue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Basis this we can assume that future inflation may range around 6% per year.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This may turn out to be too optimistic or too pessimistic. However, we will only know that in hindsight once 12 years have passed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But for our current purpose it is a reasonable assumption to make.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So, we take your 1 lakh monthly expense and subject it to 6% inflation per year. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

You can use any online compound interest calculator to do this exercise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The simple rule of 72 shows that your living expenses in 12 years will double to 2 lakh rupees per month.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For sake of simplicity, we assume that your lifestyle will remain the same during the next 12 years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(In real life some expenses like school fees will go away as your kids grow up. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

On the other hand, some added items like healthcare may become part of your regular living expenses.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Your personal financial plan<\/a> can help you plan for these changes in your living expense.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the next step we now calculate the size of your early retirement corpus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Calculating Your Early Retirement Corpus<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

We have now established that your future living expenses will be 2,00,000 rupees \/ month when you retire at 45.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Therefore, your early retirement corpus needs to large enough to generate a monthly income of 2,00,000 rupees per month.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It should do that with a reasonable margin of safety also built in.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Your corpus will need to generate sufficient income for the next 40-50 years of your (and your spouse\u2019s) life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It should also cater for inflation after you have retired.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Getting this corpus figure right is critical. You may only have one shot at getting this right.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

An uncomplicated way to calculate the size of your retirement corpus is the 4% rule<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is also known as the 25 X rule.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As per this guideline, your living expenses per year in retirement should not exceed 4% of your retirement corpus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Putting it simply:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Your retirement corpus should be at least 25 times (25 X) your projected annual expense in the year you decide to retire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Now let us apply this 4% rule to our example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the previous section we estimated that your living expense in the year you retire will be 2,00,000 rupees per month.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This means your future annual living expense will be 24 lakhs per year (2 lakhs x 12 months).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Accordingly, using the 25 X rule your retirement corpus needs to be:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

24,00,000 rupees x 25 = 6,00,00,000 rupees (6 crore)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

If you have 6 crores when you turn 45 you can choose to retire early. This assumes you will continue with the same lifestyle into the future.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"how<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Will You Outlive Your Early Retirement Corpus?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

A common fear that retirees have is the fear of outliving your money.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What happens if I miscalculate my early retirement corpus and the money runs out before I die?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As a result, there is a lot of discussion about the 25 X rule. There are differing opinions<\/a> if this is an appropriate method to use.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It has been known to work well based on the historic performance of US financial markets in the 20th century.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also, it considered a 30-year retirement period post regular retirement, not early retirement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So, does it also work for Indian early retirees?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fact is that we simply do not have a long enough history of Indian financial markets to make a reasonable study of this sort.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Therefore, the best option is to take the US model and modify it for your specific situation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The 25 X rule is a good reference point when planning for your retirement corpus. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, it should not be considered some magical or perfect formula<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

You should modify the 25 X rule for your specific situation and circumstances.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is also important to have the flexibility to dial up \/ down your living expenses as required by circumstances in the future.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

We now look at factors that will help you modify this 25 X rule to suit your specific needs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Factors That Impact How Much Money You Need to Retire Early<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

We are all unique as individuals and have our own circumstances, choices, and values.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Several factors that are unique to you should dictate your early retirement corpus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

If you should have 25 X, 35 X or even 50 X of your annual living expense as your target corpus will vary for each of us.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some of these factors will require that you build a larger margin of safety, while others less so.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Stage of Your Early Retirement Journey<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

We started our calculation by assuming your current expenses as 1,00,000 rupees per month.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

If you are just starting on your early retirement journey, there is some good news.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

You may be able to live at a much lower cost of living compared to what you have become used to.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lowering your living expenses in a sensible manner is the second pillar of financial independence<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

If you can lower your living expenses, it also lowers the retirement corpus that you need to aim for.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Let us assume that you can cut down your current living expenses by 25%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

You go down from spending 1,00,000 to 75,000 rupees per month.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Using our inflation assumption of 6%, it means that your future living expenses will only be 1.5 lakh instead of 2 lakh rupees per month.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

That translates to an annual expense of 18 lakhs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Using the 25 X rule this means your retirement corpus only needs to be 4.5 crores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

You should calculate your retirement corpus only after you have adjusted your current living expenses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This will give you a more realistic estimate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Your Post Retirement Plans<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

A key motivation for early retirement is the opportunity to spend more time doing the things you love.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But what you choose to do after your early retirement has an impact on the margin of safety you should build into your retirement corpus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

You may intend to spend your time doing volunteer work for no monetary compensation. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

If so, you should consider building a higher factor of safety into your corpus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On the other hand, if you plan to start a hobby business, work part- time or do any work that brings in some income then you need a lower safety cushion on top.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also, your spouse may choose to continue in his\/her career even though you have quit your job. Such a secondary income could cover part of your living expenses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

You can also consider any future inheritance likely to come your way. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

That too can lower the margin of safety you need to build into your retirement corpus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is one important caveat when pursuing this model.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

When the next recession comes, your retirement corpus will take a temporary hit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This means that the income that your retirement portfolio is generating will dip down too.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Therefore, any secondary income you are generating should ideally not be linked to any moves in the financial markets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is to ensure that the income from your corpus and secondary income do not go down at the same time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Your Industry and Skills<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

If you run out of money 15-20 years after you leave your job it will be exceedingly difficult for you to get back into the labour force.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is more so if you work in a rapidly changing industry like IT. Modern technologies can make your past knowledge and skills redundant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As a result, your chances of getting employment after a gap of 15-20 years would be incredibly low.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Therefore, the greater the chances of your work skills becoming obsolete, the greater the margin of safety you should build into your early retirement corpus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is also an alternative path. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

You can switch to part-time consulting or freelance project work in your industry for a period after leaving your job.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This can have multiple benefits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

You will not need to take any immediate income from your retirement corpus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This allows your retirement corpus to compound to a larger amount over the next few years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Your skills too will remain up to date. This also gives you the option to return to a full-time job should you so desire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This working model will still give you greater control over your time to pursue other interests.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Your Personality<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Are you someone who gets worried quickly or do you stand calm even as a storm rages around you?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The more conservative your attitude to risk, the more safety you should build into your retirement corpus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dealing with income uncertainty is much easier when you are still in a job and bringing in some income.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Once you are living purely off your retirement corpus, the emotional impact from any downturn in the financial markets will be much greater.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Your attitude to risk will continue to change as you grow older. Nature has programmed us to avoid risk as we age.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The asset allocation<\/a> of your retirement corpus should align with your personality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

You are unique when it comes to your personality. Your early retirement corpus should reflect this fact.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Future Healthcare Expenses<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

A big uncertainty during your retirement years are expenses you will incur on healthcare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

You may also incur expenses to cover assisted living with a full-time care-giver \/ nurse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do also consider your family medical history. It serves as a guideline to forecast if you too are likely to have some medical issues in your later years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There is another aspect to healthcare costs. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Medical inflation (the cost of health care) tends to run almost double of normal inflation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In our case since we are working with a 6% general inflation. So, your healthcare costs will grow at 12% (or higher).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Your retirement corpus thus needs to cater to this major uncertainty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This can be done either through buying health insurance or self-insurance. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

(You will not have any employer sponsored healthcare once you leave your job).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

If you are buying health insurance the premiums should be included as part of your living expenses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Under self-insurance you set up a separate sum of money on top of your retirement corpus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This separate pool of money is supposed to take care of any unexpected medical costs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This should be built into the margin of safety above 25 X when planning your retirement corpus size.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Retirement Corpus Simulation<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The last step to figure out how much money you need to retire early in India involves a retirement corpus simulation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Given the information so far in this article, you should be able to estimate your early retirement corpus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Using early retirement calculators like FIRECalc<\/a> and CFIREsim<\/a> you can now calculate the chances of your retirement corpus being sufficient.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even though these calculators use US data, they are good for simulating an early retirement corpus in India too.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both sites have information about the value and limitations of these early retirement calculators.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A few adjustments you can make:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

You can use rupee figures instead of US dollars.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Use a flat rate of inflation assumption since Indian inflation runs much higher than US CPI.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These calculators will run simulations and tell you the chances of \u201cretirement corpus failure.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A failure in this case means chances that you run out of money during your retirement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is important to note that these simulators and guidelines are just informational tools for you to use.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

They should not be taken as professional financial advice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

You should always consult a qualified professional to get a second or third opinion on the robustness of your early retirement corpus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Figuring out how much money you need to retire early in India is the cornerstone of your early retirement plan. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Getting it right is important to ensure a smooth post-retirement life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The lifestyle you choose dictates the early retirement corpus you should aim for.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So first choose the life you want to live and then start to save for it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The 25 X rule provides a good starting point to begin your early retirement corpus planning. It needs to be then modified for your specific situation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The key is to be flexible.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

No one can predict the future rate of return in financial markets with absolute certainty. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The only thing you can control is your spending and lifestyle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do not focus too much on a specific number when you start saving for an early retirement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Instead focus on making meaningful changes in your living expenses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

That will dictate how much money is enough for you to retire early in India.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Any mention of early retirement automatically triggers the next question – How much money is enough to retire early in India? Depending on the participants involved it always makes for a fun cocktail party discussion. Add some alcohol into the mix and the chatter becomes even more animated. The numbers fly around like missiles. 3 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4445,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nHow Much Money is Enough to Retire Early in India<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"How much money is enough to retire early in India and what factors impact it. 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